Iudea not far from Egypt, a country then uninhabited & desert, being
conducted thither by one Moses, a wise & valiant man, who after he
had possest himself of the country, among other things built Ierusalem
& the [illeg] Temple. Diodorus here mistakes the original of the Israelites
as Manetho had done before, confounding their flight into the wilderness
under the conduct of Moses, with the flight of the shepherds from Mis-
phragmuthosis & his son Amosis into Phœnicia & Afric, & not knowing that
Iudea was inhabited by Canaanites before the Israelites under Moses came
thither. But however, he lets us know that the shepherds were expelled
Egypt by Amosis a little before the building of Ierusalem & the Temple,
& that after several hardships several of them came into Greece & other
places under the conduct of Cadmus & other captains, but the most of
them settled in Phenicia next Egypt. We may reccon therefore that the
expulsion of the shepherds by the kings of Thebais was the occasion
that the Philistims were so numerous in the days of Saul, & that so
many men came in those times with colonies out of Egypt into & Phœnicia
into Greece, as Cad[mus] Lelex, Inachus, Pelasgus, Æzeus, Cecrops, Ægialeus,
Cadmus, Phineus, Membliarius, Alymnus, Abas, Erechtheus, Peteos, Phorbas
in the days of Eli, Samuel, Saul & David. Some of them fled in the days of
Eli, from Misphragmuthosis who conquered part of the lower Egypt; others
retired from his successor Amosis into Phœnicia & Arabia Petrea & there
mixed with the old inhabitants, who not long after being conquered by
David fled from him & the Philistims by sea under the conduct of Cadmus
& other captains into Asia minor Greece & Libya to seek new seats, & there
built towns erected kingdoms & set on foot the worship of the dead: & some
of those who remained in Iudea might assist David & Solomon in building
the Ierusalem & the Temple. Among the forreign rites used by the stran
gers in Egypt was the in worshipping the Gods, was the sacrificing of men,
For Amosis abolished that custome at Heliopolis. And therefore those
strangers were Canaanites, such as fled from Ioshua. For the Canaanites
gave their seed (that is their children) to Molech, & burnt their sons & their
daughters in the fire to their Gods (Deut. X11.31.) Manetho calls them Phe-
nician strangers.

After Amosis had expelled the shepherds & extended his dominion over
all Egypt, his son & successor Amenemes or Ammon by much greater conquests
laid the foundation of the Egyptian empire. For by the assistance of his young
son Sesostris whom he brought up to hunting & hard \other/ laborious exercises, he
conquered Arabia Troglodytica & Libya. And from him all Libya ^a 1 was
anciently called Ammonia. And after his death, in the temples erected
to him at Thebes & in Ammonia & at Meroe in Æthiopia, they set up
Oracles to him, & made the people worship him as the God that acted in
them. And these are the oldest Oracles mentioned in history, the Greeks
therein imitating the Ægyptians. For the ^b 2 Oracle at Dodona was the
oldest in Greece, & was set up by an Egyptian woman after the ex-
ample of the Oracle of Iupiter Ammon at Thebes.

In the days of Ammon a body of the Edomites fled from David into
Egypt with their young king Hadad as above, & carried thither their skill in
navigation. And this seems to have given occasion to the Egyptians to build a fleet
on the red sea near Coptos, & might ingratiate Hadad with Pharaoh. For the Midi-
anites & Ishmaelites who bordered upon the red sea near mount Horeb on the
south side of Edom, were merchants from the days of Iacob the patriarch (Gen.
XXVII. [illeg] 28, 36) & by their merchandise the Midianites abounded with gold in
the days of Moses (Num. XXXI. 50, 51, 52) & in the days of the Iudges of Israel
because they were Ishmaelites (Iudg. VIII. 24.) The Ishmaelites therefore
in those days grew rich by merchandise. They carried their merchandise on
camels through Petra to Rhinocolura & thence to Egypt. And this trafic at length
came into the hands of David by his conquering the Edomites & gaining the ports
of the red sea called Eloth & Ezion-Geber \as may be understood by the 3000 talents of gold of Ophir w^ch David gave to the Temple, 1 Chron. XXIX. 4./ The Egyptians having the art of
making linen-cloth, they began about this time to build long ships with sails
in their port on those seas neare Coptos, & having learnt the skill of the Edo-
mites, they began now to observe the positions of the stars & the length of the
solar year for enabling them to know the position of the stars at any time